Case Study Of Starbucks In Hong Kong Marketing Essay

Case Study Of Starbucks In Hong Kong market EssayChapter 1 origin1.1 Research Background and MotivationHong Kong is a cosmopolitan metropolis, it embodies both Eastern and Western traditions. Due to its rich hea whereforeish diversity and transnational lifestyle, the city offers a wide variety of international supply which is served in more than ten thousand burnt umber shops and aliment out(p)lets.In recent years, the rapid growth of food and b everage industry in Hong Kong draws more attention from public. According to the results of the 2011 Annual Survey of Economic Activities Restaurant Sectors amounted to HK$89,300 million in 2011, representing an increase of 6% all everyplace 2010, and 12% over 2009.( Appendix A)Analysed by Food services, in 2010 total receipts of fast food shops increased in value by 8.4% over 2009, this amounted to HK$18,719.6M. Other eating and drinking services increased by 7.4% in value, this amounted to HK$35,100.8M in 2010. (Appendix B) This r esult obviously shows that snack and beverage industry continues to expand in the market. java is a very political commodity, Roseberry says. Among coffee men, there is a growing interest in social and environsal issues by the coffee roasters of these organizations. Coffee-consuming-world represents a conformation of social lifestyle as it is rooted in centuries in the Western countries. Coffee consumption in Hong Kong is 1.1 kg per capita (World Resource Institute). Nowadays, coffee is non simply a pure drink for this modern propagation, it is also a symbol of rising spiritual lifestyle. Eating or drinking in a coffeehouse is not only a demand for coffees quality, taste and convenience, but also pursuit of fashionable leisure and elegant lifestyle. In the popular cultural discourses, Starbucks is described as driving out local coffee shops. It imposes a standardized civilization on local communities, and invites consumers into a social gathering place. This culture presents the values, beliefs, customs and tastes produced or practiced by this group of people. (Solomon, Marchall Stuart, 2008)Snacking with colleagues or friends after work provides a major socializing opportunity in Hong Kong. Young guests privilege to visit coffee shops for leisure time. Even working people are likely to use the coffee shops as their work places. Coffee shops provide an internal setting for social encounters, and more importantly these structured environments do not command a nifty deal of time or money from the guests, this is a small but significant move to re desex this unused lifestyle in Hong Kong. Starbucks Coffee Company is the leading retailer, roaster and brand of specialty coffee in the world. There is a total of 17,003 stores in the world (as of 02 Oct. 2011) and 115 stores in Hong Kong, since its first store launched in Centrals Exchange Square in May 2000. (Appendix C)Starbucks brings the coffee sleep with to you This is what Starbucks commits, and i ndeed, it has established as the linchpins of a desirable coffee shop experience, a systematic influence on the socio-cultural. (Craig J. Thompson,2004) In Starbucks stores, people can be immediately associated with a relaxed and intelligent experience, this is just the image of existential Branding which Starbucks creates. Every aspect from the posters to the Starbucks logo gives the experience it intends to portray. It is the calm atmosphere which the brand presents that not only draws people into the store, but also makes people waylay and return more regularlyWhat is Experiential Branding? It is a discipline of how consumers understand and define the brands in terms of the experience they put up and the lenses through which they are evaluated. run acrosss are a fourth economic offering. Pine and Gilmore describe in the Experience economy in 2003, if the consumer buys the experience, he willing spend time to enjoy a series of memorable events and engage himself in his soulf ulnessal way. Good examples are Ritz-Carlton which offers new value to its customers in hospitality experiences by its welcome gifts and Apple which provides in-store Genius Bars to build a remarkable experience for its customers.Yet in 2006, Robert Passikoff argues in his book Predicting Market Success that the 4P Marketing Mix cannot work effectively without Customer engagement, Customer expectations and Customer loyalty(3C). These initiatives have conspired dramatically to take place of 4P Marketing Mix in immediatelys economic world. Nowadays more and more people focus on quality of life as they are not just sustentation for food and warmth(Pine Gilmore,1998), they are now looking for a higher spiritual experience which is a kind of environmental service to decrease their vehemence from work.Many researches on merchandise management are for strategies, products, services, customer loyalty, customer satisfaction, and so on, but not too many on experiential marketing and bran ding. Although there are a lot of studies and researches on Starbucks, some other well-known companies are even less researched on Customer Experience in Hong Kong. This research will further the previous study structure to investigate the connections among Customer Experience, Brand Image and Customer Loyalty, and hope to find out how Starbucks carries out its commitment and how it strives to win the customers loyalty in this competitive market.1.2 Research purposesWestern lifestyle has been popular in Hong Kong for decades due to its special historical accentuate. The new generation especially, eats out more often than their parents, and these new consumers have created a huge demand for leisure and carefree consumption places. As a broach in most new markets in the world, Starbucks seized the new information in Hong Kong and set up its first store in 2000. By May 2008, it had spread out to over 100 stores without spending much cost on advertising for this market How actually d oes it attract these local consumers?Due to the economic development, the improved living standards, Goods and services are no longer enough (Pine Gilmore,1998). Todays consumers expect more from companies than ever before. The consumer environment has been gradually changed into a new experience economy era. good deal are seeking for a more spiritual than material experience. Catering has changed to a culture and art as customers pursue a modern and frolicsome lifestyle. To survive in this new competitive economy, the company must not only concentrate on market strategies, brand image, innovation features, service quality, bay wreath and setting, but also a full range of service process planning, so as to create continuous profits for the business.Based on this researchs background and motivation, business operators have emphasis on quality of product, innovation of management, and service differentiation to create the customer experience in this keen competitive catering indus try. Tom Peters (2007) believes a good brand image can attract the consumers recognition and enhance customer satisfaction gradually, to obtain customer loyalty by every positive(p) experience.This research targets 10 Starbucks stores randomly in Hong Kong, to explore the customers experience, brand image, and loyalty, so as to find out what consumers experience on this new lifestyle, and gain in-depth understanding to develop effective marketing strategies, and to maximize the customers perceived experiential value.1.4.1. CustomerIt means a party that receives or a person who consumes products or services and he has the ability to choose between different products and suppliers. Robert Passikoff (2006) interprets that usually customers can finally find out below 4PThe Products(services) that they are evoke in.The Places this product may be purchased.The Prices are competitive or not.The power and control of Promotion.Though, one important point to be noticed is that a customer do es not mean a consumer, as there are External Customer and essential Customer(Tennant,2001). External Customer is not directly connected to the organization. Internal Customer is a person who directly connects to the organization, and they may be stakeholders.In this research, customer means the person who spends money in Starbucks stores in Hong Kong.1.4.2. Customer ExperienceIt refers to individuals accumulating to produce a kind of experience after a period of time or activities, by this experience, a subjective psychological state will be created(Pine Gilmore,1998). In this study, the experience is defined as a subjective mental emotional response, evaluation and cognition to Starbucks.Experience begins with an interaction between the customer and the product or the company(Dinna LaSalle,2003), thus, it cannot happen without the customers involvement. Customers spend time and money to get more memorable or more highly valued experiences (Pine Gilmore,1998), the value of exper ience lingers in the memories, yet experience results in thoughts or feelings and both can be positive and negative. Marketers manage to develop the positive experience. Moreover, if the company can deliver Value Experience to a customers life, that product or service will transcend its ordinary price to become extraordinary or even invaluable (Dinna LaSalle,2003) For this reason, economists summarized the recent marketing and economic research into happiness as experiences over commodities and entertainments. (Pine Gilmore,1998).Starbucks creates a calm atmosphere inside its stores to attract people to come in, linger and return. It introduces the concept of the Third Space a space other than home and work, where people can spend time studying, working on their laptops, reading, meeting friends or even holding their formal meetings All stores have leather couches for those people who prefer to relax in comfort, and for those who want a more structured environment to study or wor k, there is a choice of tables with hard-backed chairs. Just like Starbucks says Life happens over the coffee.1.4.3. Brand imageThis refers to the enterprise that provides products, services or booked in community, it also relates to information and subjective impression in the consumers opinion.(Walters,1978)Starbucks maintains a unique coffee culture, as Zhang Xi says in Starbucks The Kingdom of Coffee (2005), Coffee comes from west, Starbucks originates in the United States, but the culture of Starbucks coffee is from the world. This culture starts at the planting of every single coffee bean, as Howard Schultz persists in coffee quality, then merged with the traditional romantic European style of decoration in the stores, it comes out with a brand new experiential corporation culture, which is so-called today Starbucks Culture.Howard Schultz led a speech from the lectern in Shanghai National Accounting Institute on 3 June 2006, he tells the audience that Starbucks spends very m iniscule on advertising or promoting, but Statbucks brand image is recognized by everyone in the world This is a practical example to explain when Experiential marketing is done right, the brand can be successful without expensive advertising campaigns or slashing its price1.4.4. Customer loyaltyThis is a kind of satisfaction established by a customers full acceptance at the intended level. It also results in consumption or other derivative positive support behaviour. Customer loyalty metrics can measure how the consumer engages with a new product or service(Robert L. Desatnick,1988). Peter Drucker says, Those brands relying on advertisements cannot be better than those relying on customer loyalty. Thats why without customer loyalty and higher levels of engagement, business cannot be successful.Below are the examples that to recognize customer loyalty is a great productive factorStarbucks Starbucks originally opened in Seattle in 1971 as a store that sold coffee beans equipment. S ince Howard Schultz joined the company in 1983, the brand get now owns more than 17,000 stores, in over 55 countries around the world. This is just the best evidence that loyal customers contribute to the rapid growth of the business.Google Have you ever noticed that Googles IPO price was US$85 on Aug 19, 2004? Today it is worth US$ 655.76 per share, that is an increase of 7.7 times over eight years. Its success has great relevance to its Google Loyalty Programs.Apple How many people could ever have imagined the speed and growth of Apple? From its annual report in 2011, its net gross sales amount comes to US$46,333 Million, compared to 2010 which was US$26,741 Million, it has increased by 73% within ONE year. It is not easy to find if Apply offers any loyalty programs or discounts, but indeed Apple can win its fans loyalty through its rapidly changing products It meets customers expectations and excitement.

Nursing Processes: From Admission to Discharge

Nursing Processes From Admission to DischargeShan JiangDevelop an understanding of the nursing process from admission with to discharge of a client in a health c atomic number 18 facilityMy patient is Mr. peckerwood William, 71 years old male, was found slumped in the shower accomplishing flaccid right limb and intercommunicate and face drooping. In addition, this client as well as had slurred speech, and urine incontinence problems.In my care plan, I will outline the item assessment tools and major health problems on Peter and present outcomes and interventions.There are two assessment tools that a nurse needs to do. One of these is the acute waterf on the whole find assessment tool. The master(prenominal) reason is that this client has right billet weakness. This style that older people with limb flaccid contributes to high seeks of falls. Nystrom and Hellstrom (2012, P. 473) state that the falling relative incidence of elderly with limb weakness is two times the number of those who are the same age without limb flaccid. Further more(prenominal), Braden risk assessment scale in any case should be considered as a significant tool for this patient. The main reason is urine incontinence and limb weakness could channelize to the impaired skin integrity and compensate pressure ulcer. Therefore, those two tools would be implemented out-of-pocket to urine incontinence and right side weakness.Peter has three main health problems, which are the guidelines to tin safe and high quality of care. The first and most urgent health problem is the risk of aspiration manifested by slurred speech and face and let loose drooping. The reason is that swallowing dysfunction contributes to high risk of aspiration and the difficulty of moving foreign materials from the airway (Garcia and Chambers 2010). As a result, this patient could not plunder the airway effectively, leading to high risk of death. An new(prenominal) significant health problem is the risk of fa lls beca riding habit of right side weakness. The reason is that this client would produce high risk of injuries such(prenominal) as fracture even death, due to the high incidence of falling (Hindmarch et al. 2009 Naqul et al. 2007). The third health issue is risk of impaired skin integrity ca employ by urine incontinence and limb weakness. The reason why impaired skin integrity should be a priority is that blue skin contributes to heterogeneous infections. All those evidence demonstrates that the key health problems are the risks of aspiration, falls, skin integrity and the prioritization bases on severity of threatening life safety.Relatively coveted outcomes could be achieved by means of nursing interventions basing on the two priority health problems. Firstly, the incidence of aspiration is minimized and relevant complications would be pr exampleed by six-fold interventions. Rofes et al. (2011) report that food allowance and another(prenominal) swallowing function rehabi litation contribute to preventing aspiration-related malnutrition and pneumonia and improving dysphagia. Furthermore, the falling rate decreases during hospitalized time attributes to professional nursing care. In other words, the falling rate of inpatient would decline dramatically due to the implement of multiple prevention methods. Therefore, professional and effective nursing interventions facilitate desired outcomes in terms of effective airway clearance and reducing falls rate.There are two interventions could be implemented to reduce aspiration. One of these is postural strategy. This means that modifying body and head position could minimize the incidence of aspiration and relevant respiratory complications. Rofes et al. (2011) report that postural approaches are easy and effective to be performed due to little fatigue and those involve head extension, turning head towards the unhealthy side and so forth. Those strategies could prevent residues from aspiration, such as titli ng head to the health side before making bolus directly to the stronger side through the gravity (Rofes et al. 2011). Another one is dietary modification. According to Garcia and Chambers (2010, p. 30), appropriate food texture accord to the patients swallowing capacity contributes to ingesting foods sufficiently and thin liquids should be avoided due to fast transiting and solids. As a result, aspiration would be minimized. Therefore, postural methods and food modification could minimize the occurrence of aspiration.After discharge, various issues this patient might meet and relevant strategies could be implemented to combat those problems. Firstly, risk of falls still exists subsequently hospital discharge. The main intervention is combining environment modification and direction (Lord, Menzand Sherrington 2006 Hill et al. 2011). According to Lord, Menz Sherrington (2006, p. 58), there are a variety of factors associated with high risk of falls, such as home surroundings and falling incidence could be decreased to 31% in one year by assessing home hazards and educating the use of multiple mobility aids. Moreover, communication barrier is also a significant issue for this patient after discharge due to poor verbal communication. The reason is that aphasia would lead to low quality of life even depression (Hilari and Byng 2009). Therefore, relevant efforts should be taken to re decide this problem. According to Lanyon, Rose Worrall (2013, p. 360), aphasia groups contribute to promoting friendship and affectionate issues through different modality communication activities, such as regaining substantive interactions and communication skills. As a result, depression is minimized due to communication effectively and confidently.In present-day society, multiple chronic diseases are very common among the elderly and the clinical manifestations are complicated comparing to adults. This care plan indicates that the building block nursing procedure of an old p atient with slurred speech, right side flaccid and urinary incontinence, which involves using assessment tools to identify major health problems unable(p) airway clearance and risk of falls and impaired skin integrity. Professional care could be applied to solve those problems including in hospital and post discharge.ReferencesNystrom, A, Hellstrom, k 2012, Fall risk six weeks from onset of stroke and the ability of the prediction of falls in rehabilitation settings tool and motor function to predict falls, Clinical Rehabilitation, vol.27, no. 5, pp.473-79.Garcia, J M, Chambers, E 2010, Managing dysphagia through diet modifications, American Journal of Nursing, vol. 110, no.11, pp. 26-33.Hindmarch, D M, Hayen, A, Finch, C F, Close, J C T 2009, Relative survival after hospitalization for hip fracture in older people in New South Wales, Australia, Osteoporosis International, vol.20, no. 2, pp. 221-29.Rofes, L, Arreola, v, Almirall, J, Cabre, M, Campins, L, Peris, P G, Speyer, R, Clav e, P 2010, Diagnosis and trouble of oropharyngeal dysphasia and its nutritional and respiratory complications in the eldly, Gastroenterology Research and Practice, vol.2011, viewed 7 May 2014, http//dx.doi.org/ 10.1155/2011/818979Lord, S R, Menz, H B, Sherrington, C 2006, Home environment risk factors for falls in older people and the efficacy of home modifications, Age and Ageing, vol. 35, no.2, pp.55-59.Hilari, K, Byng, S 2009, Health-related quality of life in people with severe aphasia, International Journal of Language communication Disorders, vol. 44, no.2, pp. 193-205.Lanyon, L E, Rose, M L, Worrall, L 2013, The efficacy of outpatient and community-based aphasia group interventions a systematic review, International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, vol.15, no.4, pp.359-74. supposititious Framework in Sociology Research Bradford RiotsTheoretical Framework in Sociology Research Bradford RiotsWhat kinds of questions do the different metaphysical exemplars move on you to ask about the Bradford riots? Which of these questions do you find useful and worth pursuing? wherefore? What are the limitations of the a priori frameworks you make believe considered? What questions do they neglect?The following is a brief discussion of how some of the different theoretical frameworks of sociology can be used to gain an understanding of genial events and structures, with the Bradford riots as the selected case study. The different theoretical frameworks of sociology offer us the structures to carry out and then evaluate fond interrogation on particular events or issues, although the differences in these theoretical frameworks need to always be taken into account. The different theoretical frameworks of sociology in fact emphasise differing actors such as individual choices / freedom of action, the impact of economic, political, and sociable factors, as well as affectionate institutions and social structures. Several research questions are put forrader for discussion and evaluation to assess which ones will fit in best with the different theoretical frameworks of sociology that are discussed. The reasons for selecting the final research questions will be explained. finally the potential shortcomings of the selected research questions as well as the chosen theoretical frameworks will be discussed.There are arguably various kinds of questions that the different theoretical frameworks of sociology would encourage us to ask about the Bradford riots, or any other social event for that matter. The different theoretical frameworks of sociology are after all meant to overhaul people the ability as well as the capacity to evaluate and therefore to understand general societies as a whole and indeed proper(postnominal) social events in isolation. The shared purpose of the different theoretical frameworks of sociology is to analyse and to comprehend contemporary societies, the asking of pertinent questions world a widespread and also a so und means of determining the direction and the results of sociological research into specific events or areas. The different theoretical frameworks of sociology would in all probability encourage us to ask probing and open ended kinds of questions to find out more details concerning the Bradford riots. Of course the different theoretical frameworks of sociology would then probably go on to provide differing explanations of why the Bradford riots happened, as well as the main causes of what took place. For example questions like the following ones would be highly useful for the different theoretical frameworks of sociology to ask in order to evaluate what happenedCould the Bradford riots live with been accurately predicted?Did the Bradford riots have long-term social and economic causes?Did the Bradford riots have short-terms social and economic causes?Could the Bradford riots have been averted at all?What role did social factors such as alienation, racial discrimination, and povert y diarrhea in causing the Bradford riots?Why were the local authority, the West Yorkshire Police, and the central political sympathies unable to prevent the Bradford riots from taking place? atomic number 18 there any lessons that the local authority, the West Yorkshire Police, and the central government can learn from the Bradford riots? And if so should changes be made to prevent further riots in the forthcoming?All of the questions mentioned above would sure prove to be useful in the provision of a meaningful analysis of the Bradford riots within the context of the different theoretical frameworks of sociology to ensure that important and accurate conclusions are reached about the causes of the violent outbursts. To a large extent all of the questions that could be asked would provide pertinent answers and research for a full analysis of the events surrounding the Bradford riots. However some of the questions would undoubtedly provide more complete levels of entropy as well as relevant information than other questions concerning the Bradford riots. If answered in full some of the questions would provide enough information to answer the other most related questions. Indeed some of the less important questions could be used as follow up or secondary questions to the main questions actually being asked.The main questions chosen to gain the most useful information about the Bradford riots would be the following onesDid the Bradford riots have long-term social and economic causes?Did the Bradford riots have short-terms social and economic causes?(With a possible follow up question of Could the Bradford riots have been accurately predicted?).What role did social factors such as alienation, racial discrimination, and poverty play in causing the Bradford riots?(With the back up question of Why were the local authority, the West Yorkshire Police, and the central government unable to prevent the Bradford riots from taking place?).Are there any lessons that the local authority, the West Yorkshire Police, and the central government can learn from the Bradford riots? And if so should changes be made to prevent further riots in the future?These questions have been chosen as theoretically at least they offer the best prospects of gaining as a wide a perspective of possible of the social and other possible causes of the Bradford riots. The selected questions depending upon how they are actually answered would allow functionalists, Marxist, and structural linguistics sociologists for example to come up with highly diverse conclusions based on the same information and research information about the Bradford riots. The answers given in response to these questions could and will undoubtedly be interpreted in various ways that may or may not fit in with the different theoretical frameworks of sociology already studied such as functionalism, Marxism, and structuralism.Of course there is a long custom of the adherents of functionalism, Marxism, and structuralism interpreting data and research information in ways that make their theoretical frameworks appear to be the best method of understanding social events such as the Bradford riots. Thus the proponents of the different theoretical frameworks of sociology would almost certainly argue that their preferred theoretical framework is better than all the other alternate frameworks in explaining and subsequently understanding the Bradford riots. They would also be arguing that their preferred theoretical framework would be the best for analysing entire societies as well as highly specific social events.If answered in full the questions to be asked in relation to the causes of the Bradford riots should provide enough evidence to draw up research findings and also conclusions that fit in with the different theoretical frameworks of sociology such as functionalism, Marxism, and structuralism. However the conclusions would of course vary depending upon which of the different theoret ical frameworks of sociology was actually being used at the time. Although there might be some similarity with the social and economic factors believed to have contributed to the causes of the Bradford riots, even if the different theoretical frameworks of sociology will rank such factors in different orders of over all importance. At the centre of the theoretical differences in the midst of the different theoretical frameworks of sociology is the issue of causation. Basically deciding whether or not individuals are free to act as they wish, or whether social structures, or indeed whether social and economic factors have the greatest influence in causing or worsening social events such as the Bradford riots.In many respects the Bradford riots are a very pertinent example of a social event that could be used as a case study to enable us to understand the ways in which the different theoretical frameworks of sociology use data and information to come up with evaluations of society. A lthough the different theoretical frameworks of sociology would all claim to have the ability to fully analyse and also to evaluate whole societies in general as well as specific social events in this case the Bradford riots. For those academics and sociologists that fervently believe in the accuracy and the validity of any specific one of the different theoretical frameworks of sociology then it is harder to accept criticism about those frameworks. Criticism and comments that their preferred theories and the other theoretical frameworks do in fact have shortcomings that can adversely affect the validity of research findings based upon their concepts and theories.Functionalism was one of the different theoretical frameworks of sociology that has the ability to analyse and evaluate the causes of the Bradford riots despite having some honest shortcomings from theoretical perspectives. Functionalism allots that when taken as a whole and also in the case of specific social events are shaped as well as heavily influenced by the inter relationships between individuals, social groups and also social institutions. Functionalism contends those individual beliefs and also social groups such as families or religious communities and social institutions like the West Yorkshire Police, the local authority, and the central government heavily influence their actual behaviours. Functionalism does have the capacity to analyse and to also evaluate the consequences of the interaction between individuals, social groups, and also social institutions. There is a very serious weakness when it comes down the suitability of functionalism for examining the Bradford riots. Functionalism as such does not recognise the supposition of the conflict between individuals, social groups, and also social institutions taking place. A social theory that does not recognise social conflict or struggles is certainly limited in its scope to understand violent events, like riots for instance.Marxism as a theoretical framework does provide some useful methods for analysing and evaluating the Bradford riots, yet it has diaphanous drawbacks. Marxism generally contends that division divisions as well as social heavily influence societies and economic inequalities that increase the prospects for conflict. Using Marxism as a theoretical framework allows us to understand the part that social and economic inequality as well as poverty played in causing the Bradford riots. Marxism unlike other theoretical frameworks does not recognise racial discrimination as a direct cause of social conflicts, which ignores the possibility that the Bradford riots were partially or completed caused by issues related to race relationships inside Bradford itself. The Bradford riots were also linked with religious issues, most notably the increased levels of alienation and aggression found within young Asiatic Muslim men in Bradford that felt isolated due to their race as well as their religion.Whilst M arxism is useful because it acknowledges that alienation can be a significant cause of social conflict, it tends to over emphasise the importance of class conflict. In the case of Bradford the issues of race discrimination and race relations are more relevant to the situation leading up to the riots, due to the high ethnic minority population within the city. In those circumstances Marxisms emphasis upon class conflict does appear to be relevant at all.The theoretical merits of structuralism are that it has the capacity to evaluate as well as examine the various structures and also institutions within contemporary societies, and theoretically at least their impact on specific social events such as the Bradford riots. Over all structuralism actively contends that it is social structures and also social institutions that under normal circumstances the position of individuals within their own societies. The supporters of the structuralism theory go on to contend that individuals within their own societies do not actually have any influence as well as meaningful power over the main decisions and events within their lives.Structuralism as a theoretical framework does tend to stress how important social structures and institutions such as the emergency services, local authorities, education services, and most importantly of all the central government are responsible for providing individuals with opportunities as well as maintaining social stability. The central government and all the institutions and social structures it controls have the capacity to positively improve peoples lives alongside the negative function of punishing those that attempt to overturn existing social structures. It is thus a theoretical framework that stresses the overwhelming importance of structures and institutions in contemporary societies, and how they can solve social problems. Perhaps more importantly how social structures and social institutions can solve social problems if there is t he political The main practical and also theoretical shortfall of structuralism is that it underestimates the influence that individuals and linked small social groups can have over specific social events including the Bradford riots. Individuals and linked small social groups, especially the most alienated and angry ones can cause a great hired hand of destruction as well as disruption within their local area, or indeed beyond it. Alienated individuals and small groups may be in particular destructive and disruptive when social institutions and structures fail to understand them or underestimate the threat to law and order that they actually pose.BibliographyT. Bilton et. al., Introductory Sociology, 4th edition (Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan, 2002).J. Macionis and K Plummer Sociology A global introduction (Pearson), 3rd edition, 2005James Fulcher and John Scotts Sociology (OUP, 2nd edition, 2003)Kenneth H. Tucker, Classical Social Theory. A Contemporary Approach (Oxford, Blackw ell, 2002). John Hughes, Peter Martin and W. Sharrock, Understanding Classical Sociology. Marx, Weber, Durkheim (London Sage, 1995). Pip Jones, Introducing Social Theory (Cambridge Polity Press, 2003). K. Morrison, Marx, Durkheim, Weber. Formations of Modern Social Thought (London Sage, 1995). Steven Seidman, Contested Knowledge. Social Theory Today, third edition (Oxford, Blackwell, 2004). shear Stones (ed.), Key Sociological Thinkers (Basingstoke Palgrave, 1998).

The American Civil War Essay -- American History

The American Civil War emanated feelings of joy, exuberance, and glory, yet it substantiated loneliness, destruction, and death. In the antebellum reciprocal ohm, nationalism and pride forged a new path, and rescript saw soldiers as heroic actors and war as their stage. While these actors played out their roles, the audience, the world, could see that their stage did not make them heroes, moreover war divest them of body and soul. In unwarmed Mountain, Charles Frazier develops this excitement and progression to hardship in both Ada and Inmans journeys. The progression, corroborated by historical evidence, shows that while the antebellum South held a Romantic ideal of war, war itself negated the romantic opinion and became destructive, monstrous, and deadly. At the onset of civil war, a state of trepidation would be assumed however, glacial Mountain shows that Southern society did not fear war further eagerly anticipated it. Inman and Ada show that people did not dread war, but instead school teachers stave of the grand wars fought in Ancient England (5), and each night, there was music and dancing (140). People did not live in fear, but instead, a strange time of war fever (140) and excitement was created. Young men considered dull and charmless suddenly acquired an aura of glamour shimmering about them (140), not because they were promptly revitalized by Athena, but because they were adding themselves to the glory and honor of the ideal Romantic war. Society in Cold Mountain did not fear death, but they spoke of the glory of war, and had parties celebrating the coming war. Mrs. McKennett, a woman Ada converses with, holds opinions exactly in accord with every newspaper (180), that the fighting is glorious, tragic, and he... ...inary Times of the Civil War Soldier. Ed. David Madden. advanced York Simon & Schuster,2000.Billings, John D. Soldier Life in the Union and participator Armies. Ed. Philip Van Doren Stern. New York Bonanza Books, 1961.Eaton, Clement. A History of the Southern Confederacy. New York The Free Press, 1965.Frazier, Charles. Cold Mountain. New York The Atlantic Monthly Press, 1997.Martin, Bessie. A Rich Mans War, A Poor Mans Fight. Tuscaloosa University of Alabama Press, 2003.Ratchford, James Wylie. Memoirs of a Confederate Staff Officer From Bethel to Bentonville. Eds. James E. Hansen II & Evelyn Sieburg. Shippensburg Beidel Printing House, Inc. 1998.Thomas, Emory M. The Confederate Nation 1861-1865. New York Harper & Row, 1979.Vinovskis, Maris, ed. Toward a Social History of the American Civil War. 1st. ed. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 1990.

Earnest Hemingway: Would Be King :: Writing Literature Papers

Earnest Hemingway Would Be KingIn the period immediately before cosmea War I, there was a revolution in all art forms. The impressionists in France, late in the nineteenth century, had abandoned photographic realism to indicate their emotional impressions of a scene. By the time of Picasso and Braqueat the end of the first decade of the twentieth century, painters were analyzing shapes, deconstructing them for component elements, or later, doing away with representationalreality all together. Composers like Igor Stravinski and Charles Ives introduced atonal, dissonant passages into music. Artists did non want to create in the same manner as theirpredecessors they wanted to extend the range of their art. Beyond the arts, Sigmund Freud demonstrated the existence of the sub-conscious, a theory that would turn over the field of psychology. Einstein changed the face of Physics by proposing the theory of relativity and Werner Heisenberg predicted that complete and accurate depictions o f phenomena wereimpossible. It was a time of sweeping change the world if books was no exception.In poetry, Ezra Pound was reacting against the metronomic beat of Victorian poetry. His credo was Make it new. He insisted that writers use no superfluous playscript and avoidabstractions at all cost. T.S. Elliot followed Pounds technique, his office and the voice of post-war Europe coming through in his masterpiece, The Wasteland. In fiction, James Joyce was insisting on removing the obvious presence of the author. Gertrude Stein was experimenting with sentence structure and word repetitions, trying to immerse her readers in a sense of ongoing present. Sherwood Anderson, like Joyce, wrote stories that did not snap shut at the ending, but developed gradually, aimlessly, their intent creation a revelation of character. All these authors defined character less through authorial description and more through what the character said and did. Earnest Hemingway knew and analyze with many of the best modernists. Their influence accentuated the spare laconic style he had already developed in high school. The spare unadorned, grammatically simple, declarative sentences, for the most part devoid of adjective or adverb, also echoed Hemingways own philosophy. For Hemingway, loss was inevitable fate, circumstance, something always brought on the end. Love expired, through death or disenchantment, fame always dwindled, spring chicken and vitality crumbled through the years life itself was nothing more than a unpredictable feast of the senses. His philosophy is both stoic and existential one should not complain, one should show grace under pressure (Hays, 41) Also, one should care about ones craft because it was the individuals actions which defined the character.

Free Euthanasia Essays: Problems With Assisted Suicide :: Free Euthanasia Essay

Problems With Assisted Suicide Americans want to know what the report card says, in other words, what are the results of the Netherlands and surgery experiments with assisted suicide. Lets sift through the data and relevant studies in order to arrive at a conclusion which either affirms or rejects the practice. Although the New England daybook of Medicine article (2/24/00) was the first time a major medical journal in the United States had recounted problems associated with assisted suicide in the Netherlands, in that respect had been prior warnings In 1995, Dr. Pieter Admiraal, who has practiced euthanasia in the Netherlands for years, warned of the risk of failure associated with assisted suicide. After explaining the preparations that must be made for an assisted suicide termination, he wrote In spite of these measures, every doctor who decides to assist in suicide must be aware that something can go wrong, with the result being a failure of the suicide. For this reason, on e should always be prepared to proceed to active euthanasia. In other words, the doctor should always have at hand thiopental and muscle relaxant (to administer in the form of a lethal injection). (Admiraal) Barbiturates are the most common substances used for assisted suicide in operating theatre and in the Netherlands. Overdoses of barbiturates are known to cause distress Extreme gasping and muscle spasms can occur. While losing consciousness, a person can vomit and then prompt the vomit. Panic, feelings of terror and assaultive behavior take place from the drug-induced confusion. Other problems can include difficulty in taking the drugs, failure of the drugs to induce unconsciousness and a number of days elapsing before death occurs. (NEJM) Dr. Katrina Hedberg, a co-author of Oregons two official reports on assisted suicide, denies that there have been complications in assisted suicide deaths in Oregon. Those things have not materialized, she stated. (Oregonian) But news repor ts from Oregon indicate otherwise * A man experienced difficulty during his assisted suicide death and his brother-in-law had to help him die. It doesnt go smoothly for everyone, the person who helped explained. It would not have worked without help. Oregonian, 1/17/99 and 3/11/99 * In another case, after a man took the drugs intended to induce death, his physical symptoms were so disturbing that his wife called 911. He was taken from his home to a hospital where he was revived.

My Goal of Teaching Essay -- College Admissions Essays

To state that my goal is to become a t separatelyer in the primary grades of bare(a) school is somewhat like writing a one-sentence synopsis of an intricate and wonderful dream. In Websters Dictionary the word goal is defined as A point towards which effort or movement is directed the objective point or terminus that one is striving to reach the end aimed at. In each of the definitions the aim of the goal is stagnant. My goal of teaching feels much more like a living thing. I would define it more as a go than a goal. I do not remember a time when I was not interested in becoming a teacher. Although I followed a different career path when I was young, I never let go of my dream to teach. For various reasons it was pushed to the back of my consciousness and seemingly forgotten. But for the ago seventeen years, since the birth of my first child, my life has been intertwined with children and my desire to teach has been rekindled. I started out working with my own children. As they gr ew so did I. My interaction with kids progressed to include their bran-new friends and ult...

Home Schooling is Seldom Done at Home! :: Personal Narrative Essay Example

My Home informing is Seldom Done at Home I am theme this essay in the hope of answering two questions that you might have for anyone who studies at home why do I homeschool and how do I do it? After graduating from the Antioch School, a nonpublic alternative school connected with Antioch College, I decided to spend my seventh grade year at Ridgewood, a private prep school. This was instead of leaving on the the Yellow Springs Junior High like most of my friends. I chose Ridgewood primarily for one reason the students. They were happy, lively, accepting, and seemed very evoke in their work. Although I received very good grades, and did very well academically at Ridgewood, I found that my learning was very controlled and prescribed. At the Antioch School I had always been encouraged to take charge of my declare learning. But at Ridgewood everyone was expected to go on on with everyone else, plodding at a world-wide pace that was too fast for some and infinitely too slow for opposites. It was expected that we would accommodate our learning for the good of the class no one was allowed to move out of the mundane rhythm and learn for themselves. Our minds were not our property, they belonged to a communal brain bank and no one could make a withdrawal without their other classmates taking out the exact same amount. For example, although grammar had always been very easy for me, I was still often expected to complete four grammar assignments per night along with everyone else in the class, whether or not I needed them. I often found I did not have the time for my own interests or my own learning. I left Ridgewood with a firm idea in my head I was not going back the next year I was going to homeschool. My parents and I had discussed this at length during the second half of my seventh grade year. There was so much I wanted to do, so many things I wanted to accomplish that I knew would not be possible if I remained at Ridgewood. So, that last day, after say ing farewell to my friends and telling them I would not be returning the next year, I finally started to live my life. That first year of homeschool was filled with such an incredible sense of elation.